What is Endometriosis?

It derives its name from the work endometrium which is the lining of the uterus that the body produces each month in case of egg implantation. If conception does not take place every month, then the body will shed the endometrium and menstruation will start. Sometimes the endometrial tissue will travel to the end of the fallopian tube and into the abdomen. In most women, the tissues attach to organs and the hormones made in the next menstrual cycle stimulate the extra tissue to grow and later shed just like the tissue in the uterus. If the bleeding and tissue shedding does not find a way to exit the body, it causes inflammation also called endometriosis.

Symptoms of Endometriosis

Some of the most common symptoms of endometriosis include the following

•    Discomfort during and before menstruation.
•    Pain and abnormalities with urination
•    Improper bowel movements
•    Fatigue
•    Painful intercourse
•    Infertility

With endometriosis, the amount of pain or the symptoms do not correlate with the severity and for some women; they may have mild endometriosis and severe symptoms while others have severe endometriosis and almost no symptoms.

Does endometriosis cause fertility issues?

While we do not know the exact reason, there are multiple factors that are out there connecting the disease to infertility cases. The first reason may be due to molecules by inflammation which has a paralyzing effect on the sperm and the egg preventing the fertilization process.

The second reason is that endometriosis will physically distort a woman’s pelvic anatomy. The inflammatory process will be changing the transparent texture of the

peritoneum producing scarring and adhesions, causing the fallopian tubes and ovaries to get blocked, preventing the egg and sperm to come in contact with one another. The ovaries may fail to ovulate which causes eggs to get trapped in the ovaries. Such obstacles in a woman's reproductive system can prevent pregnancy or cause very complicated pregnancies, including miscarriages.

What are the ways to overcome infertility due to endometriosis?

While an endometriosis can and often prevent a woman from getting pregnant patients can see that their infertility symptoms improve by treating it right. Deep excision surgery can be done to remove the abnormal endometriosis tissue and pelvic organs can be restored to their normal state. Pairing it with ART (assisted reproductive technologies) can give a ray of hope for bearing children.

1)    Undergoing IVF (In vitro fertilization): One of the most common forms of ART where the eggs of the woman are collected and fertilized by the sperm and implanted in the uterus

2)    Intrauterine insemination (IUI): Method of injecting healthy sperm cell directly into the uterus to ensure implanting with proper timing during a woman’s menstrual cycle

3)    The third party assisted ART: These techniques include ART methods which include egg, sperm donation or a surrogate or a gestational carrier. The former is used when the female is incapable of producing healthy eggs while the latter issued when the woman cannot carry forward pregnancy on her own.

 

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